Producing energy today has never been easier and more convenient. Thanks to state incentives (Italy) for small plants below 200Kwe, renewable energy production systems from biomass are the solution to the energy problems of our country.
Finenergy provides assistance and consultancy for everything related to the design, construction and installation of energy production plants from both electrical and thermal renewable sources.
Biomass plants can be divided into three main categories:
LIQUID BIOMASS
Vegetable oil used as fuel is certainly a renewable source and is synonymous with clean energy. Cogeneration is the joint production of electricity (or mechanical) and useful heat from the same primary source.
Cogeneration, using the same fuel for two different uses, aims at a more efficient use of primary energy, with related economic savings especially in production processes where there is a strong contemporaneity between electrical and thermal withdrawals.
The first advantage of cogeneration is obviously economic: a correctly sized cogeneration plant allows high energy savings of the order of 25-40%, and a pay-back of the investment around 36-48 months. Cogeneration allows to obtain efficiencies equal to 70-85%, a remarkable value if compared with 50-60% of the new combined cycle plants for the sole production of electricity.
Like all biomasses, vegetable oil plants allow to cover energy needs during peak hours. In fact, it is these that are still covered today by fossil fuels and therefore more subject to price increases.
SOLID BIOMASS:
Ligno-cellulosic biomasses are biomasses composed mainly of lignin and cellulose, which can come from the forestry sector as residues from forestry uses, or as waste from the wood processing industries, pruning waste and production of dedicated wood crops. Depending on the type of use, the wood fuel needs more or less manufacturing processes. Shearing and chipping are sufficient for combustion in large plants for the production of electricity.
The wood chips are obtained by shredding or chipping the cut wood by means of special chipping machines; we use the scraps of the cuts in the woods but also the pruning of the city trees. Wood chips are generally marketed with a higher moisture content than wood logs, varying between 35% and 45% calculated on the dry basis. Indicatively, the wood chips have a lower calorific value of (3 / 3.6) kWh / kg.
Like all biomasses, wood allows to cover energy needs during peak hours. In fact, it is these that are still covered today by fossil fuels and therefore more subject to price increases.
BIOGAS:
Biogas production takes place during the anaerobic fermentation of organic substances and its composition is: Methane (CH4) ca. 55% - Carbon dioxide (CO2) approx. 40% - Water vapor approx. 3% - Other Substance ca. 2% . Recent technologies make it possible to recover energy from zootechnical sewage from pig, cattle and sheep farms. This is allowed thanks to the possibility of converting the Biogas deriving from anaerobic fermentation into electrical and thermal energy. The Biogas production mechanism is a biological process by which the organic substance is transformed into Biogas. Those who produce Electricity from Biogas are entitled to obtain the state incentive called green certificates and which is recognized by the National Electricity Network Manager (GSE) thanks to the classification of "IARF" type power plants. The Finenergy offer is economically competitive and suitable for medium - small farms. A possible hypothetical intervention, if there are already some collection tanks, consists of: Covering the tanks with a double membrane gasometer.
Positioning of the pre-assembled cogeneration unit equipped with an electrical panel
Biogas cogenerator-hydraulic guard, thermal recovery system for heating the slurry (thermophilic digestion).
Like all biomasses, Biogas allows to cover energy needs during peak hours. In fact, it is these that are still covered today by fossil fuels and therefore more subject to price increases
GAS
Natural gas is a great opportunity for the production of thermal and electrical energy simultaneously and to obtain significant energy SAVINGS and reduce CO2 emissions in the environment. Finenergy supplies Cogeneration groups powered by gas from a minimum of 5 KwE to a maximum of 500 KwE with the COGAS Brand, TURNKEY.
A LITTLE HISTORY: In a manuscript of the Chinese historian Chang Qu, dated 347 BC, a strange gas that can be used to illuminate is described. About 200 years ago, Alessandro Volta "rediscovered" the energy potential of natural gas, noting the small gas bubbles that formed by moving the muddy bottoms of Lake Maggiore. By approaching a lit match, in fact, the gas contained in the bubbles fed a bluish flame.
Between 1840 and 1850 gas lighting became common in many American and European cities, to the point of changing the lifestyles of citizens: the streets, well lit even in the evening, discouraged thieves, flourished ballrooms and meeting places also for less wealthy people (given the lower cost of gas lighting compared to candle lighting). However, these advantages remained confined where natural gas came to the surface spontaneously, as there are still no adequate technologies for research, extraction and transport.
For a long time the natural gas coming out of the oil wells was burned by a torch or released into the atmosphere as soon as it reached the surface. So several billion cubic meters of natural gas went up in smoke: one of the greatest wastes of resources that history remembers, and a serious damage to the environment but, an environmental awareness was still far from coming. Italy is one of the few countries where methane has been valued as an energy resource, since the early years of the discovery of the deposits in the Padana Valley and in the Adriatic Sea. Methane, as a source of national energy, made a significant contribution to the industrial development of the country in the 1950s and 1960s.
In general, the exploitation of methane has only recently started: in Europe just over 50 years ago, with the development of technologies that made it economically advantageous for its extraction and a network of methane pipelines (i.e. the pipelines that bring methane from the place extraction to consumption) for easier distribution. The whole of Europe is currently crossed by natural gas pipelines, an ideal transport system because of its low environmental impact: it does not increase traffic on the surface and cannot be seen, thanks to the reconstruction of the surrounding environment after the excavation for the laying of the pipes.
For more information :
